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Interactions of herbivore funtion gourps and Succisa pratensis
Šulcová, Hana ; Janovský, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Alena (referee)
Herbivory is one of most important factors which form meadow ecosystems. These ecological communities have one of the biggest variety of species in Central Europe and their research is important in terms of management of protected species as well. Localities which has a similar importance, is also a meadow ecosystem with occurrence of Succisa pratensis, the only host plant for rare butterfly Euphydryas aurinia. Research of Succisa and its other herbivores can improve a protection of this particular butterfly. Effects of herbivores of Succisa were examined by several experiments. The first one was a field cage experiment. Its aim was to detect what kinds of herbivores (rodents and invertebrates) are involved in herbivory of leaf rosettes of Succisa and what is their impact on the fitness of these plants. The intensity of herbivory of Succisa was measured for over two vegetation seasons on the month bases. In this experiment were also examined effects of surrounding vegetation on the studied plants of Succisa. The second experiment was performed in a garden. Its aim was to clarify the role of herbivores of leaf rosettes, stalks and their interactions on the fitness of Succisa. The third experiment was concerned to true bugs, which are pre-dispersal predators of seeds of Succisa. Their effects on...
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Interactions of herbivore funtion gourps and Succisa pratensis
Šulcová, Hana ; Janovský, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Alena (referee)
Herbivory is one of most important factors which form meadow ecosystems. These ecological communities have one of the biggest variety of species in Central Europe and their research is important in terms of management of protected species as well. Localities which has a similar importance, is also a meadow ecosystem with occurrence of Succisa pratensis, the only host plant for rare butterfly Euphydryas aurinia. Research of Succisa and its other herbivores can improve a protection of this particular butterfly. Effects of herbivores of Succisa were examined by several experiments. The first one was a field cage experiment. Its aim was to detect what kinds of herbivores (rodents and invertebrates) are involved in herbivory of leaf rosettes of Succisa and what is their impact on the fitness of these plants. The intensity of herbivory of Succisa was measured for over two vegetation seasons on the month bases. In this experiment were also examined effects of surrounding vegetation on the studied plants of Succisa. The second experiment was performed in a garden. Its aim was to clarify the role of herbivores of leaf rosettes, stalks and their interactions on the fitness of Succisa. The third experiment was concerned to true bugs, which are pre-dispersal predators of seeds of Succisa. Their effects on...
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Výzkum ekologie a rozšíření‚ návrh managementu populací a záchranných programů zvláště chráněných druhů živočichů: Záchranný program hnědáska chrastavcového (Euphydryas aurinia) v České republice
Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická fakulta v Brně, Zemědělská fakulta, Ústav zoologie, Brno ; Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích, Biologická fakulta, Katedra zoologie, České Budějovice ; Entomologický ústav AV ČR, Oddělení ekologie a ochrany přírody, České Budějovice ; Konvička, Martin ; Hula, Vladimír ; Fric, Zdeněk
Hnědásek chrastavcový (Euphydryas aurinia) patří k nejohroženějším druhům denních motýlů střední a západní Evropy. Důslednou ochranu hnědáska vyžadují mezinárodně závazné dohody a normy, především Bernská konvence a Směrnice o stanovištích EEC/EU. Pro přežití hnědáska chrastavcového a dalších druhů vlhkých a zrašeliněných luk nestačí pouhá územní ochrana stávajících lokalit. Jejich rozloha je totiž tak malá, že nezaručuje přežití druhu. Druh tvoří metapopulace, pro jeho ochranu je nutný i příznivý management krajinné mozaiky mezi lokalitami. Je nutné zvýšit počet lokalit cestou revitalizací a modifikovat hospodaření na plochách k přiléhajícím lokalitám. Na vlastních lokalitách je nutný aktivní managament, který zajistí přítomnost zdrojů pro všechna vývojová stadia motýla. Nutná je též kontinuita vhodných podmínek, jež jediná umožní posílení dnešních populací a zabezpečí přežití tohoto druhu motýla.
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